HIV暴露新生儿人巨细胞病毒感染情况及危险因素分析

Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of cytomegalovirus infection among newborns exposed to HIV

目的了解人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)暴露新生儿人巨细胞病毒(cytomegalovirus,CMV)感染情况及其危险因素。方法对2015-2017年在广西壮族自治区妇幼保健院因母亲感染HIV而进行HIV早期诊断的1053例新生儿血样本,进行CMV-DNA检测,并收集新生儿及其母亲的临床资料,CMV感染的相关因素分析采用logistic分析。结果1053例新生儿中检出人类免疫缺陷病毒HIV阳性35例,阳性率为3.32%;检出CMV阳性63例,阳性率为5.98%,其中HIV阳性者CMV检出率为17.14%,明显高于HIV阴性者的5.60%(P<0.05)。logistic回归分析结果显示,母亲年龄、民族和新生儿感染HIV是CMV感染的高危因素。结论HIV暴露新生儿CMV感染率较高,新生儿感染HIV和母亲年龄、民族是新生儿CMV感染的高危因素。

Objective To investigate the prevalence and risk factors of cytomegalovirus (CMV) infections among newborns exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Methods From 2015 to 2017, blood samples of 1 053 newborns for early diagnosis of HIV infection because of maternal HIV infection in Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region were collected for CMV-DNA analysis. Clinical data of newborns and their mothers were collected. The factors related to CMV infection were analyzed by logistic regression. Results Among the 1 053 newborns, 35 cases were HIV-positive with a positive rate of 3.32%. Sixty-three cases were CMV-positive and the positive rate was 5.98%. The detection rate of CMV among HIV-positive cases was 17.14%. This was higher than the detection rate of 5.60% among HIV-negative cases (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that maternal age, maternal ethnic group and HIV-infection among newborns were high risk factors of CMV infection. Conclusions The prevalence of CMV infection was high among newborns exposed to HIV. High risk factors of CMV infection were HIV-infection among newborns, maternal age and maternal ethnic group.