青光眼小梁切除术后远期动态泪膜稳定性及其与滤过泡形态的相关研究

Tear film stability after trabeculectomy and its relationship with bleb morphology

目的利用客观视觉质量分析系统Ⅱ(OQASⅡ)研究青光眼小梁切除术后远期动态泪膜稳定性及其与滤过泡形态的关系。方法横断面研究。电话通知2011年11月至2016年11月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院行小梁切除术后时间大于6个月的青光眼患者进行动态泪膜稳定性、滤过泡照相、泪膜破裂时间(BUT)等检查,并收集手术史及用药史等数据。对滤过泡形态按照Indiana滤过泡分级系统进行分级。动态泪膜稳定性采用OQASⅡ测量,动态泪膜稳定性值为测量连续10s的客观散射指数的平均值减去基础客观散射指数值之差。动态泪膜稳定性值越高,稳定性越差。动态泪膜稳定性值以M(QR)表示,手术眼与非手术眼间比较采用非参数检验方法Mann-Whitney U检验,不同滤过泡高度、范围、血管化程度分级间比较采用Kruskal-WallisH检验。结果63例(76只眼)纳入本研究,其中手术眼55只眼,非手术眼21只眼,随访时间(39.6±26.2)个月。手术眼与非手术眼动态泪膜稳定性值分别为0.46(0.86)、0.23(0.41),手术眼动态泪膜稳定性与非手术眼相比下降(P=0.044)。小梁切除术手术眼不同滤过泡高度分级间动态泪膜稳定性值比较差异无统计学意义[0级(17只眼)、1级(24只眼)、2~3级(14只眼)动态泪膜稳定性值分别为0.40(0.68)、0.70(1.02)、0.40(1.24),P=0.481];不同滤过泡范围分级间动态泪膜稳定性值比较差异无统计学意义[0~1级(36只眼)、2~3级(19只眼)动态泪膜稳定性值分别为0.63(0.78)、0.26(1.17),P=0.261];不同滤过泡血管化程度分级间动态泪膜稳定性值比较差异无统计学意义[0级(25只眼)、1级(14只眼)、2~3级(16只眼)动态泪膜稳定性值分别为0.39(0.69)、0.55(1.18)、0.63(1.24),P=0.401]。结论小梁切除术后远期手术眼较非手术眼的动态泪膜稳定性下降,但动态泪膜稳定性与滤过泡高度、滤过泡范围以及血管化程度未见明显关系。

Objective To investigate the tear film stability after trabeculectomy and its relationship with bleb morphology using Optical Quality Analysis System Ⅱ(OQAS Ⅱ). Methods A cross-sectional study. Glaucoma patients undergoing trabeculectomy in the Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University from November 2011 to November 2016 were invited by telephone to perform optical quality, bleb photography, and break-up time examinations, and history of surgeries and medications was collected. Bleb morphology was graded according to the Indiana bleb appearance grading scale. The tear film stability was the average objective scatter index value measured using OQAS Ⅱ for 10 seconds after blinking minus the baseline objective scatter index. The higher the tear film stability value, the worse the stability. The difference in the tear film stability between the surgical eyes and non-surgical eyes was compared by the Mann-Whitney U test, and the relationships between the optical quality, bleb height, extent and vascularity were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results Sixty-three patients (76 eyes) were enrolled in the study, including 55 surgical eyes and 21 non-surgical eyes. The mean follow-up time was (39.6±26.2) months.In the surgical and non-surgical eyes, the M(QR) of tear film stability was 0.46 (0.86) and 0.23 (0.41), respectively. The tear film stability in the surgical eyes was reduced compared to the non-surgical eyes (P=0.044). The trabeculectomy group was divided into three subgroups according to the height of the filtering bleb: H0 (17 eyes), H1 (24 eyes) and H2-3 (14 eyes). The M(QR) of tear film stability in the three subgroups was 0.40(0.68), 0.70(1.02) and 0.40(1.24), respectively, with no statistically significant difference detected (P=0.481). According to the bleb extent, the surgical group was divided into two subgroups: E0-1 (36 eyes) and E2-3 (19 eyes). The M(QR) of optical quality in the two subgroups was 0.63 (0.78) and 0.26(1.17), respectively, with no significant difference detected (P=0.261). According to the degree of bleb vascularity, the surgical group was divided into three subgroups: V0 (25 eyes), V1 (14 eyes), and V2-3 (16 eyes). The M(QR) of optical quality in the three subgroups was 0.39 (0.69), 0.55 (1.18) and 0.63 (1.24), respectively, with no significant difference (P=0.401). Conclusion Although tear film stability decrease after trabeculectomy, the decrease is not associated with the bleb morphology.