孕早期孕妇体力活动现状及其影响因素分析

Physical activity status of early stage pregnant women and its influential factors

目的了解孕妇孕早期体力活动情况,并探讨其影响因素。方法选择2015年6月至2016年6月在马鞍山市妇幼保健院建卡的2122名孕妇,采用问卷调查形式进行数据收集。使用体力活动问卷了解孕妇孕早期体力活动情况。使用方差分析和t检验描述不同人口统计学特征孕妇体力活动能量消耗分布情况,并使用多元线性回归分析体力活动能量消耗影响因素。结果睡眠和静坐类型活动时间为(16.56±3.54)h,占总活动时间83.38%,能量消耗值为(17.17±5.59)METs·h;轻度体力活动时间为(2.62±1.86)h,占总时间13.19%,能量消耗值为(6.06±4.43)METs·h;中重度体力活动平均时间为(0.68±0.93)h,占所有体力活动总时间3.42%,能量消耗值为(3.22±4.58)METs·h。单因素分析中,不同户口(t=-3.551)、文化程度(F=1.347)以及职业类型(F=1.485)孕妇组间体力活动能量消耗存在差异,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析中,不同职业类型和文化程度是孕妇孕早期体力活动能量消耗水平的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论孕妇孕早期睡眠和静坐类型活动时间较长,轻度及以上体力活动时间较短,受到孕妇自身职业类型和文化程度的影响。

Objective To understand the physical activity of early stage pregnant women and explore its influential factors. Methods From June 2015 to June 2016, 2122 pregnant women with early pregnancy card in Ma An Shan Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected and surveyed with a questionnaire. The Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to understand the physical activity of pregnant women in their early pregnancy. Analysis of variance and t-test were used to describe the distribution of energy expenditures of physical activity of pregnant women with different demographic characteristics, and multiple linear regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing the energy expenditure of their physical activity. Result The duration of activities of sleep and sitting type was (16.56±3.54) h, accounting for 83.38% of total activity time;the energy consumption value was (17.17±5.59) METs·h;mild physical activity time was [2.62±1.86] h, accounting for total time. 13.19% and the energy consumption value was (6.06±4.43) METs-h;the average time of moderate to severe physical activity was (0.6810.93) h, accounting for 3.42% of total physical activity time, and the energy consumption value was (3.22±4.58) METs·h. In the univariate analysis, the energy expenditures of physical activity between the different groups (t=- 3.551), education level (F=1.347), and occupation type (F=1.485) were different, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). In multiple linear regression analysis, different occupational types and education were the energy expenditure levels of physical activity during early pregnancy. Influencing factors (P<0.05). Conclusion Pregnant women have longer periods of sleep and meditation during the first trimester, and shorter duration of physical activity than mild and above;the energy expenditure of physical activity during the first trimester of pregnancy is affected by the occupational type and educational level of the pregnant woman.