案例识别视野下的类案审判——以指导性案例24号的司法适用为切入点

Similar Cases Trial from the Perspective of “Cases Identification”——In the View of Judicial Application of Guiding Case NO.24

案例指导制度的运行为“类案与关联案件检索”制度建设提供了宝贵的实践经验。类案审判的核心难点为“案例识别”中的“类似案例识别”。以指导性案例24号的司法适用为例,可以发现目前中国法官尚未普遍形成“类案”论证思维;即便是进行了“类案”推理,在“适用/不适用”指导性案例的情况下,所运用的比较点及其法律意义也存在较为明显的差异。“类似案例识别”的主要困难有两点:一是在程序上,没有将“类似案件类似审判”原则作为一项“法律义务”或“法律责任”;二是在制度上,指导性案例缺乏“补强机制”。

The operation of the China Guiding Cases Project provides valuable practical experience for the construction of Similar and Relative Cases Research Project.The core difficulty of Similar Cases Trial is "usimilar cases identification" in "cases identification".Taking the judicial application of the Guiding Case NO.24 as an example,it can be found that Chinese judges have not yet generally formed the argumentation thinking of "similar cases".Even if the "similar cases" reasoning is carried out,in the case of "application/not application" guiding case,which comparison points are applied and what their legal significance means are obviously different.There are two main difficulties in "similar cases identification".First,the principle of "similar cases are trialed similarly" is not regarded as a "legal obligation" or "legal responsi bility” in the procedure.Second,there is a lack of u strengthening mechanism" in the Guiding Cases Project.