中国跨国公司税基侵蚀和利润转移问题新研究

A New Research on Tax Base Erosion and Profit Shifting of Chinese Multinationals

本文使用2000-2006年海关出口数据库、工业企业数据库及对外直接投资名录等数据分析了中国跨国公司税基侵蚀和利润转移问题。研究发现:样本期内中国跨国公司的避税程度比发达国家更严重;企业会利用国外关联公司和对外投资地区的税率降低两种机制进行避税;现行国家间税收协定签订时间越早越能有效约束企业避税行为。本文测算出2006年中国跨国公司出口环节侵蚀的企业所得税规模约为6.44亿元,并采用倾向得分匹配法进行了稳健性检验,进一步验证了该结论。本研究着力解决在跨国公司税基侵蚀这一议题中存在的研究深度和广度不足问题,为中国今后调整相关反避税政策提供政策建议。

This paper uses the export customs database from 2000 to 2006, the industrial enterprise database, and the foreign direct investment directory, to analyse the BEPS of Chinese multinational companies. With this in mind, it is noted that the degree of tax evasion by Chinese multinationals during the sampling period is higher than that of developed countries in the same period. As a means of avoiding corporate income tax, Chinese companies use foreign-affiliated entities, along with the tax reform of foreign investment destinations. Consequently, as soon as interstate fiscal agreements are signed, fiscal circumvention activities may be more effectively restrained. The tax base erosion scale in 2006 was estimated to be approximately RMB 644m. Undertaking comparative assessments from existing studies at home and abroad, the paper uses,the propensity score matching method to carry out robustness tests, further verifying the conclusions. In essence, the study aims to expand the depth and breadth of analysis of the BEPS of multinationals and provide recommendations regarding more detailed policies for China to make adjustments in order to combat circumvention of relevant future taxes.