高密度建成环境雨洪管理景观设计——以清华建筑馆庭院为例

Stormwater Management and Landscape Design in High Density Built Environment——Case Study of Architecture Building Courtyard, Tsinghua University

高密度建成环境下也存在"自然—人工"二元水循环特性。而实现相应的低影响开发雨洪管理,需在人工排水系统基础上结合场地可行性布置能够发挥"渗、滞、蓄、净、用"功能的小型绿色雨洪管理基础设施,同时兼顾人流活动与使用功能等需求。清华建筑馆庭院面积狭小、绿地有限,但汇水集中,排水压力大。其改造设计需首先考虑解决雨洪问题,并与户外活动空间、植物和视觉景观营造相结合。具体采用高位植坛来发挥雨水调蓄、收集利用与污染控制,以及营造生境和提供公共空间等多重作用。该案例的示范性是如何在高密度建成环境中实现绿色基础设施的雨洪管理功能。

High density built environment allows for dualistic natural-social water cycle. The objective of low impact development in such situation could be obtained through small-scale green infrastructure. It could be fulfilling the function of infiltration, detention, storage, purification and utilization combined with artificial drainage system and also be compatible with other human uses. The courtyard in Architecture School of Tsinghua University is a high-density built environment with limited green but high drainage demand. The principal consideration in its renovation is the stormwater management and secondary the landscape design combined with outdoor activity, plant design and visual quality. Flow through planter as a green infrastructure was employed to play multiple uses from runoff storage, utilization, pollutant removal to small biotope and public space. This demonstration project shows the way to realize stormwater management in high density area with limited green.