单一正犯视角下的共同正犯问题

Understanding the “Co-principals Offender” from the Perspective of the “Unitary Principal Offender”

共同正犯的概念是为弥补区分正犯与共犯(即区分制)的犯罪参与体系的缺陷而提出的,是区分制的产物。共同正犯的法律规定和相关解释论,固然在一定程度上解决了区分制定罪处罚上的一些问题,但同时带来了诸多新的难题。我国刑法采取不做这种区分的单一正犯体系,自然也就没有共同正犯的规定。区分制带来的定罪和处罚难题,按照我国刑法的规定和单一正犯的解释论,即可迎刃而解,自然不需要运用共同正犯的理论来解释我国的共同犯罪规定,并且,对司法实践中的共同正犯案件,按我国刑法的规定比按德、日刑法的规定来处理,有更为明显的优越性。

"Co-principals offender"is an outcome of "principal and accomplice dividing system". It is proposed to make up for the deficiencies caused by this system. Although the legal provisions and interpretative methods about co-principals offender admittedly have solved some problems of conviction and punishment under "principal and accomplice dividing systemw", they bring many new problems at the same time. However, the "unitary principal offender system" in China does not distinguish offenders into principal and accomplice, so there is no provision of "co-principals offender" in China. The problems of conviction and punishment caused by Mprincipal and accomplice dividing system" can be solved easily through related provisions in Chinese law and the interpretative method of "unitary principal offender". Therefore, there is no need to apply Mco-principals offender" to explain the joint crime in China. It is also superior to, in terms of coping with the cases in judicial practice, to apply the provisions of the Criminal Law of China than those in German or Japanese criminal law.