缺失与重构:非政府组织在社区治理中的角色分析

Absence and Reconstruction: Role Analysis of NGOs in Community Governance

社会治理现代化、多元化的发展趋势呼唤非政府组织积极参与社区治理。非政府组织在社区治理中所扮演的角色应该是社会治理体制创新与政府职能转变的推动者、社会参与扩大与基层民主发展的促进者、社区文化与伦理教化的培育者、社会资源整合与社区服务拓展的建构者。由于非政府组织在我国发展不久,对其理论研究和实践认识不足,同时社区治理方面仍处于探索阶段,存在着非政府组织与政府的关系模糊,社区居民参与治理意识薄弱,非政府组织自身发展不足等问题,导致非政府组织在社区治理中所扮演的角色出现缺失。为发挥非政府组织在社区治理中的作用,必须厘清非政府组织与政府在社区治理的功能及角色边界,实现两者在社区治理中的良性互动;加大宣传教育力度,培育社区居民参与意识;加强非政府组织自身建设,提高组织运营能力。

The trend of modernization and diversification of social governance calls for non-governmental organizations to participate in community governance actively.The role of NGOs in community governance should be the promoter of social management system innovation and government function transformation,the facilitator of social participation and grassroots democratic political development,the cultivator of community culture and ethics education,and the constructor of social resource integration and community service expansion.Due to the shortterm development of NGOs in China,the insufficient understanding of their theoretical research and practice,and the fact that community governance is still in the exploratory phase,there are some restrictive factors,such as the vague relationship between NGOs and the government,the weak awareness of community residents to participate in governance,and deficient self-development of NGOs,which result in the absence of NGOs in community governance.In order to give full play to the role of NGOs in community governance,we shouldclarify the functions and role boundaries of non-governmental organizations and the government in community governance so as to realize the benign interaction between the two:We should increase publicity and education efforts to cultivate community residents' awareness of participation and we should strengthen the self-construction of non-governmental organizations and improve their operational capability.