主动扩大进口:高质量发展的推进机制及实现路径

Actively Expand Imports: The Promotion Mechanism and Realization Path of High Quality Development

国际分工演进至要素分工阶段后,进口贸易的性质和内涵均发生了深刻变化,并从以往连接生产和消费端的简单交换环节,演变为连接不同生产端的必要纽带,因而本质上是生产过程的继续。因此从分工演进角度看,在经济全球化新形势下和中国开放发展新阶段,主动扩大进口的战略意义不仅在于追求贸易平衡的宏观作用,也不仅是补充人民消费需求升级下供给不足的简单惠民之举,更为重要的是,依托中国庞大的本土市场规模优势,促进中国进一步深度融入全球要素分工体系,并在全球范围内实现资源优化配置。具体而言,就是要在全球要素分工条件下,依托本土庞大市场规模下的进口所能产生的制度性话语权提升作用、短板产业补齐作用、高端要素虹吸作用以及倒逼改革作用等具体机制,通过吸引、集聚和培育等方式提升高端要素总量规模,奠定经济高质量发展的要素、产业与体制机制优势和基础。为将主动扩大进口的意愿化为实践,从而充分发挥其推进高质量发展的应有作用,中国亟待在改善进口自由化便利化条件等方面取得新突破。

With the international division of labor evolvinginto the stage of division of factors, the nature and connotation of import trade have been undergoing profound changes, i.e. from the previous simple exchange links connecting production and consumption to the present necessary links between different production ends, which is essentially the continuation of the production process. Therefore, from the perspective of the factor division of labor, the strategic meaning of active expansionof imports, against the ongoing background of economic globalization and the new stage of open development in China, is more than the pursuanceof the macro-level effectsin trade balance, and neither does it stop atthe supplement to the insufficient supplies in face of the rising demands from the domestic consumers. The even greater significance lies in that, taking advantage of the huge scale of China’s home market, the country can thus be pushed to embrace a further integration into the world’s system of division of factors as well as the optimization of resource allocation on a global scale. Specifically, the envisioned imports, based on the strong market demands at home and the current division of factors in the world, can be expected to produce beneficial effects like the promotion of institutional discourse power, the complementation of short-board industries, the siphonic function of high end factors and the reverse force on reforms as well as the appearance of other specific mechanisms. Furthermore, by way of attraction, agglomeration and cultivation, the total amount of high end factors can be elevated to consolidate the foundation in terms of factors, industries and institutional mechanisms for a high quality development of the nation’s economy. To turn the intention into action in import expansion and to bring about its positive promotional results at an earlier date, new breakthroughs are urgently needed in China to improve the conditions in import liberalization and facilitation.