情绪智力对小学升初中过渡期青少年抑郁焦虑的影响及亲社会行为的中介作用

Effects of emotional intelligence on anxiety and depression among adolescents in transition from primary to secondary school and mediating role of prosocial behavior

目的探索情绪智力中的自我情绪感知、他人情绪感知、情绪调控、应用能力对小学升初中过渡期青少年抑郁焦虑情绪的作用及亲社会行为的中介角色。方法对上海市1 042名初中预备年级学生进行1年的跟踪调查,采用情绪智力量表、感知社会能力量表及过渡期青少年抑郁焦虑量表进行评价。结果情绪调控和应用能力能够显著减少学生的抑郁焦虑情绪。感知他人情绪能够通过增加学生的亲社会行为,间接减少他们的负面情绪。结论情绪智力能够减少小学升初中过渡期青少年的抑郁焦虑情绪,亲社会行为起了部分中介作用。

Objective To explore roles of self-emotional perception, others emotional perception, regulation of emotion, and application ability in emotional intelligence on the depression and anxiety of adolescents in the transition period of primary to secondary school and the mediating role of prosocial behavior. Methods A total of 1 042 sixth grade students in Shanghai were investigated for one year. We used emotional intelligence scale, perceived social competence scale, and transitional adolescent depression and anxiety scale to assess the effects. Results The abilities of regulation and application reduced the feelings of anxiety and depression among adolescents. The ability of emotional perception increased prosocial behaviors among the adolescents and reduced their depression and anxiety indirectly. Conclusion Emotional intelligence reduces depression and anxiety among adolescents during their transition from primary to secondary school. The effect is also partially mediated by prosocial behavior.