陶瓷板和真空管太阳能集热器对养殖水体升温效果的对比研究

Effects of ceramic plate collector and vacuum tube collector on water warming in aquaculture

水体升温是工厂化养殖生产的重要环节,为寻找一种高效环保且经济适用的养殖水体升温方式,对目前广泛使用的陶瓷板和真空管太阳能集热器进行了养殖水体升温效果对比试验。结果表明:当辐照度为230～1100 W/m^2、水体流量为200～400 L/h时,陶瓷板集热器对养殖水体的最大单位面积升温幅度略高于真空管集热器,分别为0.71℃和0.65℃,且陶瓷板集热器对养殖水体的水质几乎无影响;陶瓷板集热器的日有用得热量(q_(17))低于真空管集热器,这可能与陶瓷板集热器热量流失较大有关,可通过增加保温隔热结构进行改善。研究表明,在相同工况条件下,陶瓷板太阳能集热器对养殖水体的升温幅度与真空管集热器十分接近,且陶瓷板太阳能集热器结构简单、价格低廉,具有替代真空管太阳能集热器的潜力。

Heating effect of ceramic plate solar energy collector and vacuum tube solar energy collector was compared in an experiment to screen a high-efficiency,environmental friendship and economic method for water warming in aquaculture.Results showed that there was slightly higher maximum range of temperature heating-up per unit area by the ceramic plate collector(0.71℃)than that by vacuum tube collector(0.65℃)at irradiance of 230-1100 W/m^2 and water flow of 200-400 L/h,without little effect of ceramic plate collectors on the aquaculture water quality.Also,there was lower daily useful energy(q 17)in the ceramic plate collector than that in the vacuum tube collector,which may be contributed to the excessively lost heat of the ceramic plate collector.The excessive thermal loss was improved by adding thermal insulation structure.The finding showed that the ceramic plate collector has the advantages of low price and simple structure,and the very similar temperature increasing effect as the vacuum tube collector in aquaculture water under the same working conditions,so the ceramic plate collector having the potential to replace vacuum tube collector.