考虑车辆事故影响的高速公路充电站与服务区协同规划

Coordinated Planning for Highway Charging Stations and Rest Area Considering the Impact of Traffic Accidents

针对现有高速公路充电站规划未能考虑高速服务区并难以计及车辆事故情况等方面的不足,本文提出一种新的充电站和服务区协同规划方法。首先,以满足车主充电、餐饮休息等需求及其经济收益最优为目标,考虑服务区位置和上级电网容量等实际约束,建立了高速公路充电站和服务区协同规划数学模型;其次,结合统计数据和蒙特卡洛抽样,提出了考虑车辆事故的高速公路动态交通仿真方法;再次,基于动态交通仿真建立了电动汽车荷电状态SOC时空变化模型,对车辆行驶、充电选择和站内等待过程进行了分析;最后,提出了总体求解流程,并通过算例分析了车辆事故、服务区和改进遗传算法的影响,验证了所提出方法的有效性和实用性。

In light of the disadvantages in the present planning for highway charging stations,including the difficulty in taking into account the rest area and traffic accidents,a novel coordinated planning method for charging stations and rest area is proposed in this paper.First,to satisfy the demand of electric vehicle(EV)owners(e.g.,charging,eating,and resting)and optimize their economic benefit,the location of rest area and the capacity of higher-level grid network are considered as practical constraints,and a mathematical model of coordinated planning for highway charging stations and rest area is established.Second,combined with statistic data and the Monte Carlo sampling,a dynamic traffic simulation method is proposed with the consideration of traffic accidents.Third,a model of the state of charge(SOC)of EV,in which the SOC changes over time and location,is built based on dynamic traffic simulation,and the driving period,charging choice,and waiting period are analyzed.Finally,an overall solving process is proposed,and the impact of traffic accidents,rest area,and improved genetic algorithm is analyzed through a numerical example,which verifies the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed method.