身份、地区和城市——老年流动人口基本公共健康服务的不平等

Identity,Region and City Size:Inequality of Basic Public Health Services for the Elderly Floating Population

在我国快速老龄化、城镇化以及独生子女政策效果显现、养老模式仍以家庭为主的背景下,老年流动人口群体逐渐壮大,对流入地的公共健康服务提出了挑战。本研究发现,老年流动人口在基本公共健康服务的获得上具有身份、地区和城市间的不平等:流动老人获得基本公共健康服务的几率低于本地老人;农村户口的流动老人获得基本公共健康服务的几率低于城镇户籍老人;东部地区的流动老人获得基本公共健康服务的几率低于西部地区的流动老人;流动老人在一般性城市获得基本公共健康服务的几率低于大城市。基于此,在社会政策上须加大公共健康服务对老年流动人口的平等投入,扩大公共健康服务的普惠性,消除户籍、地区和城市间的不平等,共同分担人口老龄化的社会风险。

The floating elderly population is getting larger because of the population aging and urbanization and the one-child policy’s effect appearing,meanwhile the elderly live a retired life main backed up by family support,so the floating elderly population appears and the public health service supplied is very important.The fact shows that elderly floating population has identity,regional and urban inequality in the acquisition of basic public health services.Migrants are less likely to get basic public health services than local ones.Rural elders are less likely to receive basic public health services than urban residents.Older people in the east are less likely to receive basic public health services than those in the west.Older people in general cities are less likely to receive basic public health services than other major cities.Therefore,the connotation of social policy is to increase the equal input of public health service to the elderly floating population,establish universal benefits for the people,eliminate the hukou,inequality between regions and cities,and share the aging of the population social risks.