流动人口家庭成员年龄构成、公共服务与消费研究

Age Structure,Public Service and Consumption of Migrant Households

利用2014年"中国计划生育家庭发展追踪调查"数据,研究对比了流动人口和城镇居民家庭成员年龄构成对家庭消费的影响,并通过对比二者的差异,探求了这种差异背后的公共服务方面的原因。分析结果表明,对流动人口家庭来说,婴幼儿随迁会显著增加其医疗消费支出;学龄前儿童则会显著增加家庭教育消费支出;而老年人口随迁会显著增加其医疗消费支出。家庭成员年龄构成对家庭教育和医疗消费支出的影响在城镇居民家庭和流动人口家庭之间存在较大差异,产生差异的原因主要在于流动人口和户籍人口享受的保障和服务的不均等。

Based on the data from the first wave of the "China Family Dynamic Survey" conducted in 2014,this study compares the impact on consumption of the age structure of the migrant households and to that in urban resident households,and then examines the extent to which lack of access to public services might explain the differences in consumption patterns that do exist.The results indicate that the existence of infants will increase migrant households’ consumption of healthcare services,while the preschool children will increase their consumption of educational services.The presence of elderly will significantly increase the migrant households’ consumption of healthcare services.The comparison of migrant households with urban resident households shows that there are considerable differences between migrant households and urban resident households in terms of how educational and healthcare consumption expenditures are affected by the family members’ age structure.And the differences grow out of a huge gap in the accessibility of public services in cities.