惯性微流体的应用与发展

Application and development of inertial microfluids

近年来惯性微流体已经成为操纵颗粒和细胞的重要工具,在医学诊断,材料合成以及生化反应领域有着重要应用。微流体的惯性效应能够实现颗粒高通量下的精确操控。惯性升力会驱动颗粒在微通道内发生侧向迁移,通过改变微通道尺寸,入口流速等条件来调控颗粒的运动,实现不同尺寸颗粒的聚焦。非直微通道中迪恩曳力和离心力在颗粒的迁移过程中也起到了重要作用,这两种力的加入有助于提高聚焦效率。综述了多种类型的直通道和弯曲通道中颗粒惯性迁移的最新研究进展,详细阐述了各类型通道中颗粒迁移的原理及应用实例,总结发展现状并对惯性微流体在未来发展中需要解决的问题进行讨论。

In recent years,inertial microfluidics has become an important tool for manipulating particles and cells,and has important applications in medical diagnosis,material synthesis and biochemical reactions.The inertial effect of microfluidics enables precise manipulation of particles at high throughputs.Inertial lift forces the particles to migrate laterally within the microchannels and regulates particle motion by changing microchannel dimensions,inlet flow velocity,and other conditions to achieve focusing of particles of different sizes.Dean’s drag and centrifugal forces in non-straight microchannels also play an important role in particle migration,and the addition of these two forces helps to improve focusing efficiency.The latest research progress of various types of inertial migration of particles in straight passage and curved passage are reviewed.The principle and application of particle migration in various types of passage are expounded in detail.The development status and problem to be solved in development of inertial microfluidics in the future are discussed.