东部12省市科技创新效率的DEA测评与上海科创策略研究

DEA Evaluation of the Scientific and Technological Innovation Efficiencies in 12 Provinces and Cities in Eastern China and Research on the Innovation Strategy in Shanghai

本文利用2011～2016年东部12省市科技创新投入与产出的面板数据,应用DEA模型对东部12省市的科技创新效率进行测评,并重点对比分析上海与东部其他省市的科技创新效率差异。实证表明,东部12省市科技创新效率总体处于较高水平,规模效率进步较技术效率更为明显,技术水平和管理水平没有提升,需要进一步改善。上海总体效率呈现下降趋势,无论从长三角区域还是北上广深4个一线城市,上海均处于相对劣势,说明上海在科技创新投入与资源配置上仍需调整。本文进一步通过动态分析发现上海的全要素生产率呈增长趋势,说明上海具有后发潜力,需要政府进一步设计激励机制以鼓励科技成果在当地转化进而实现有效的经济效益增加。

Based on the input-output panel data of scientific and technological innovations in 12 provinces and cities in eastern China from 2011 to 2016, this paper applies DEA model to evaluate the innovation efficiencies in these areas, then mainly compares and analyzes the differences of innovation efficiencies between Shanghai and other eastern provinces and cities. The empirical results show that the overall innovation efficiencies are high and the scale efficiency increases faster than the technical efficiency in 12 eastern provinces and cities.However, the technical and managerial levels should be further improved because of the low-level development.Moreover, the overall efficiency in Shanghai shows a downward trend and is always at a disadvantage when comparing with the Yangtze River Delta region and the other three first-tier cities, Beijing, Guangzhou and Shenzhen, which indicates that the investment and resource allocation methods of scientific and technological innovation in Shanghai need to be adjusted. Furthermore, this paper introduces the dynamic analysis and finds that the total factor productivity in Shanghai shows an increasing trend. The effective index from 2014 to 2016 proves that the scientific and technological innovation has a huge unexploited potential in Shanghai. Therefore,in order to improve economic benefits, the government should design the incentive mechanisms to promote the transformation of scientific and technological achievements in local areas.