“21世纪海上丝绸之路”框架下能源通道安全保障法律机制探究

Research on Legal Protection Mechanism of Energy Corrridor Security under Framework of 21st Century Maritime Silk Road

在同"一带一路"沿线国家的能源合作中,能源运输通道安全是一个非常关键的问题。本文通过分析和梳理能源运输通道法律机制的现状,检讨相关国际公约效力局限、协调机制不足、专门法律制度缺位等弊端,结合"一带一路"愿景实现对能源运输通道法律机制的需求,提出了"21世纪海上丝绸之路"框架下能源运输通道安全保障法律机制完善路径:制定"一带一路"能源运输专门性公约,对能源运输起指导统领作用;完善沿线国家多边合作协议,为能源运输提供可广泛接受的合作模板;解决能源运输环保问题,防止、控制对沿线国家的环境污染;构建专门协调机制,协调沿线国家能源通道管辖权;建立完善争端预防和解决机制,通过政治、外交、法律途径预防和解决争议纠纷。

During the process of energy cooperation with countries along the route of"Belt and Road"Initiative("BRI"),it is vital important to protect the security of energy transport corridor.Through analyzing the current situation of energy legal systems,this article finds out problems in the legal systems of energy transport corridor,such as limited force and function of international conventions,the deficiency in coordination mechanism,the lack of specific laws and etc.Thus,considering the requirements lying in the BRI vision,this article hereby proposes the suggestions under the framework of"21 st Century Maritime Silk Road"to improve the legal system to protect energy transport corridor under the framework of the BRI by establishing specific BRI energy transport convention to guide and lead energy transport,drafting multilateral cooperation agreements to provide a widely-accepted template for energy cooperation,resolving problems with environmental protection to prevent and control environmental pollution,build specific coordination mechanism to clarify jurisdiction of each country over energy corridor,establish dispute resolution systems to prevent and resolve disputes with political,diplomatic and legal methods.