我国环境民事公益诉讼举证责任分配的反思与重构

Reflection and Reconstruction of Burden of Proof in Environmental Public Interest Litigation in China

我国环境民事公益诉讼发展迅速,但立法滞后,目前法律依据较少,主要依据司法解释运行。关于举证责任分配的问题,各司法解释存在与上位法不尽一致、条文相互冲突、过于简单化的问题。环境民事公益诉讼不应再适用举证责任倒置,需专门立法明确环境民事公益诉讼适用范围及举证责任,海洋自然资源与生态环境损害赔偿纠纷案件举证责任倒置范围需适当限缩。

Environmental public interest litigation is developing rapidly in China.Without enough legislative regulation,this kind of litigation relies on judicial interpretation to run its procedure.But there are some problems such as being inconsistent with law,conflicting with each other and not specific enough.The burden of proof should be different between public and private interest litigation.When it comes to marine natural resource and environment litigation,the scope of reversion of burden of proof should be narrowed.