要素价格扭曲、环境污染与区域创新能力

Factor Price Distortion, Environmental Pollution and Regional Innovation Capability

以2005—2015年中国省际面板数据为样本,基于柯布-道格拉斯生产函数测度了要素价格扭曲程度,从创新投入、创新产出与创新环境三个维度衡量创新能力,运用动态GMM方法和中介效应模型研究要素价格扭曲对环境污染与区域创新能力的影响机制。结果显示:无论资本要素价格扭曲或者劳动力要素价格扭曲均加剧环境污染,不利于改善环境质量。区域创新能力的提高能显著降低污染物排放量。要素价格扭曲抑制创新能力的提升,在要素价格扭曲的抑制效应下,区域创新能力的环境质量改善作用在弱化。因而要素价格扭曲对环境将产生双重的负面影响。考虑到区域差异,进一步进行分析发现:高经济区域要素价格扭曲对环境污染的影响程度比低经济区域大,且对区域创新能力也呈现出更强烈的抑制作用。

Based on China’s provincial panel data from 2005 to 2015, Cobb-Douglas production function is used to calculate the degree of factor price distortion. This paper measures the innovation capability from the three dimensions of innovation input, innovation output and innovation environment. Then the dynamic GMM method and intermediary effect model are used to study the influencing mechanism of factor price distortion on environmental pollution and regional innovation capability. The major conclusions are that both capital factor and labor factor price distortion aggravate environmental pollution and hinder improvements in environmental quality. The enhancement of regional innovation capability can significantly reduce pollutant emissions. Factor price distortions inhibit the improvement of innovation capability and under the restraint of factor price distortion, the role of regional innovation capability on environmental protection is weakened. Thus, factor price distortion has a double negative impact on the environment. In view of regional differences, further analysis shows that factor price distortions in high economic regions have a greater impact on environmental pollution than in low economic regions in addition to a stronger effect on regional innovation capability.