2016年辽宁省8-10岁儿童和孕妇碘营养状况调查结果分析

Survey on iodine nutritional status of children aged 8-10 and pregnant women of Liaoning Province in 2016

目的了解辽宁省碘缺乏病防治现状,掌握儿童和孕妇碘营养水平。方法2016年在辽宁省100个县(市、区)中抽取34个县(市、区),依据全国碘缺乏病监测方案开展人群碘营养状况横断面调查。每个县(市、区)划为东、西、南、北、中5个片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇(街道),每个乡镇(街道)抽取1所小学校,每所小学抽取8 ~ 10岁非寄宿制儿童40人(男、女各半),采用超声法测量甲状腺各径向大小,计算容积(ml),再抽取20名孕妇,儿童和孕妇均采集食用盐样和一次随机尿样检测盐碘和尿碘。结果共检测6 874份儿童家庭食用盐样,盐碘含量为(24.0 ± 4.7)mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为98.4%(6 761/6 874),合格碘盐食用率为95.5%(6 567/6 874);共检测8 ~ 10岁儿童尿样6 874份,尿碘中位数为168.0 μg/L;8 ~ 10岁儿童甲状腺肿大率为1.6%(111/6 874);共检测3 404份孕妇食用盐样,盐碘含量为(24.1 ± 4.3)mg/kg,碘盐覆盖率为99.0%(3 369/3 404),合格碘盐食用率为84.6%(2 880/3 404);共检测3 404份孕妇尿样,尿碘中位数为135.8 μg/L(< 150 μg/L)。结论2016年辽宁省8 ~ 10岁儿童尿碘水平适宜,孕妇处于碘缺乏状态。

Objective To study the status of prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders (IDD), master the iodine nutritional status of children and pregnant women in Liaoning Province. Methods One hundred counties (districts) of Liaoning Province, 34 counties (districts) were randomly selected to carry out a cross-sectional survey on iodine nutritional status of the population according to "National Surveillance Program on IDD" in 2016. Five townships (communities) were randomly selected according to their sub-area positions of east, west, south, north and center, 1 primary school was randomly selected in each township (communities), 40 non boarding students aged 8 - 10 (half males half females) were selected from each school. The radial size of the thyroid was measured by Ultra-portable Doppler Diagnostic Ultrasound System and the volume was calculated. Twenty pregnant women were randomly selected in each township (communities). Their salt and random urine samples were collected;salt iodine level and urinary iodine level were tested. Results The mean of salt iodine content of 6 874 children's family salt samples was (24.0 ± 4.7) mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 98.4%(6 761/6 874) and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 95.5%(6 567/6 874). The median urinary iodine (MUI) of 6 874 children's urine samples was 168.0 μg/L, and children's goiter rate was 1.6%(111/6 874). The mean of salt iodine content of 3 404 pregnant women's family salt samples was (24.1 ± 4.3) mg/kg, the iodized salt coverage rate was 99.0%(3 369/3 404) and the consumption rate of qualified iodized salt was 84.6%(2 880/3 404). The MUI 3 404 of pregnant women's urine samples was 135.8 μg/L (< 150 μg/L). Conclusions In 2016, 8 - 10 years old children's urinary iodine is at adequate level. But the pregnant women are in iodine deficiency.