贫困救助的机制层次与机制关联:研究证据与干预新思路

The Mechanism Level and Mechanism Relevance of Poverty Relief:New Thoughts of Research Evidence and Intervention

随着贫困攻坚阶段的到来,对于贫困的认识和定位需要更加全面而深入的机制理解。机制构成为四个层次,分别是生物/生理机制、行为机制、社会心理机制及环境机制;在此基础上阐述了机制间从两两机制交互到多重机制关联的机制场域观点;并且从单机制到多机制的视角给出了贫困救助的干预方向和建议。研究认为,从机制层次和机制关联的视角进行路径思考,是在不失将贫困潜机制作为基础的前提下对贫困机制形成从微观机制到宏观机制的全面解读和系统认识,这为贫困救助政策的设计提供了逻辑基础和科学线索,对于推动贫困研究范式的发展以及提高扶贫救助行动的科学有效性意义深远。

With the oncoming critical stage of poverty,understanding and positioning poverty needs more comprehensive and in-depth understanding of its mechanism.Four levels of mechanisms are proposed and analyzed,including biological/physiological mechanism,behavioral mechanism,social-psychological mechanism and environmental mechanism.On such a basis,the author expounds the viewpoint of mechanism field from interaction of two or two mechanisms to multiple mechanisms,and proposes the intervention direction and suggestion of poverty relief from the perspective of single mechanism to multiple mechanism.The study expands the poverty relief thinking from the perspective of mechanism level and mechanism correlation,which represents the comprehensive interpretation and systematic understanding of poverty mechanism formation from micro mechanism to macro mechanism without losing the premise of taking poverty potential mechanism as the basis.It also provides a logical basis and scientific clue for the design of poverty relief policy,and promotes the development of poverty research paradigm and improves poverty alleviation assistance,and the scientific effectiveness of the alleviation is of far-reaching significance.