新疆边远地区贫困农户土地流转决策及其福利水平差异分析

Analysis of Land Circulation Decision and Its Welfare Level Difference of Poor Farmers in Xinjiang Remote Areas

近年来,伴随着中国农村改革的不断深入,农村土地承包经营权流转制度的健全和完善,土地流转决策在边远贫困地区扶贫开发工作中的作用越来越重要。使用2017年中国典型集中连片深度贫困地区新疆南疆三地州地区农户家庭的微观调研数据,识别和分析了影响贫困农户土地转入、土地转出两种流转决策的主要因素,贫困农户土地转入、土地转出两种流转决策福利效果及两种流转决策福利效果影响的差异。研究发现:贫困农户户主年龄、上年年末生产性固定资产原值等变量对贫困农户的土地流转决策有显著的正向影响,贫困农户从之前的参与土地转出改变为不参与任何土地流转决策,到最后倾向于参与土地转入;贫困农户户主受教育水平、上年非农收入所占比重、上年家庭成员外出务工时间等变量对贫困农户的土地流转决策有显著的负向影响,贫困农户从之前的参与土地转入改变为不参与土地流转进而倾向于参与土地转出;转入土地、转出土地两种流转决策对贫困农户家庭纯收入、生活消费支出以及农业经营投资均产生显著的影响。

In recent years,with the continuous improvement and perfection of rural land contract system in China,the role of land circulation market in poverty alleviation and development work has been gradually recognized.Using the micro survey of peasant household in 2017 from the Three prefectures in south Xinjiang which is the typical depth concentrated poverty area in China.The main factors affecting the poor farmers' land circulation decision of land outward transferring and land inward transferring is identified.The welfare effect and disparity of different land circulation decision are analyzed and compared.It is found that householders' age,original value of productive fixed assets at the end of last year and other factors have significant positive effect to the poor farmers' land circulation decision behavior.It is more easier for poor farmers from participating in land outward transferring to participating in land circulation,and to participating in land inward transferring.While the education level of the householders,the proportion of non-agricultural income last year,the time for family members to go out to work and other factors have significant negative effect to the poor farmers' land circulation decision behavior.It is more easier for poor farmers from participating in land inward transferring to not participating in land circulation,and to participating in land outward transferring.And the land circulation of land outward transferring and land inward transferring significantly have impacts on net incomes of poor farmers,living consumption expenditure and agricultural business investment.