尿毒症脑病磁共振诊断研究进展

Diagnosis and research progresses of magnetic resonance imaging on uremic encephalopathy

尿毒症脑病(uremic encephalopathy,UE)是指各种原因引起肾脏病尿毒症期所出现的神经及精神异常,因其严重影响患者的生活质量,死亡率明显提高。目前UE诊断主要依赖于临床症状和体征的判别,缺乏对疾病的客观认识。通过磁共振常规序列检查对UE发病部位进行分型,可帮助诊断及鉴别诊断,指导临床进一步诊治,并加深对疾病的认识。随着磁共振高级成像技术的发展,采用DTI、ASL、SWI、BOLD-fMRI技术在未出现症状之前发现脑改变,对早期诊断并开展预防干预具有不可替代的作用。

Uremic encephalopathy(UE) is the neurological and psychiatric disorders occurred in patients with uremia caused by various reasons,which arouses wide concern because of detrimental impact on quality of life and high mortality.At present,the diagnosis of UE mainly depends on the clinical symptoms and signs,which lacks objective understanding of the disease.Using MRI normal sequence examination to classify UE would be helpful to diagnosis,differential diagnosis,deepen comprehend,and guide the choice of treatment.With the development of MRI advanced imaging techniques,DTI, ASL, SWI and BOLD-fMRI have been employed to investigate the cerebral changes on presymptomatic phase,which played an irreplaceable role on early diagnosis and prevention intervention.The purpose of this review is to summarize the manifestation and research progresses of MRI on UE.