天津地铁高架站夏季热舒适优化策略分析

Optimization Strategy for Thermal Comfort of Tianjin Subway Elevated Station in Summer

为研究地铁高架站的人体热舒适情况,在节能的基础上提出相应的建筑热工性能改造措施,以天津地铁高架站为例,重点选取其中四个典型的地铁高架站,进行人体热舒适度满意率问卷调查和热环境参数测试。调查显示,有65%的乘客对高架站热舒适状况不满意;热舒适较差的最主要影响因素包括玻璃幕墙结构的太阳辐射得热、围护结构防热性能、周围建筑与绿植分布和自然通风等。进而通过数值模拟等方法,验证增加玻璃幕墙遮阳、改善围护结构防热能力、合理布置周边环境要素及加强自然通风等措施对于高架站建筑内部空间热舒适度的改善效果。

In order to study the thermal comfort of the elevated subway station, the corresponding thermal performance improvement measures of the building are proposed on the basis of energy saving. Taking the Tianjin elevated subway station as an example, four typical elevated subway stations are selected to conduct a questionnaire survey of human thermal comfort satisfaction rate and thermal environmental parameters. According to the survey, 65 % of passengers are dissatisfied with the thermal comfort of the elevated subway station;the most important factors affecting poor thermal comfort include solar radiation heating of the glass curtain wall structure, heat protection of the envelope structure, distribution of surrounding buildings and green plants, and natural ventilation, etc. Then through numerical simulation, the paper verifies the improving effects of increasing shade of glass curtain wall, improving the heat prevention of envelope, reasonably arranging the surrounding environment elements and enhancing natural ventilation and other measures for elevated thermal comfort inside the building space.