山西省某三甲医院门诊病人就医行为的现况调查

Investigation on the Status of Medical Treatment of Outpatients in an A-Grade Hospital in Shanxi Province

目的:了解门诊病人的就医需求、就医选择及其影响因素,为卫生管理机构合理分配卫生资源提供参考。方法:以山西省某三甲医院门诊病人为研究对象,自行设计问卷,问卷内容包括:个人信息、就医行为及其影响因素,采用自填问卷的形式收集数据,采用SPSS17.0软件进行数据统计分析。结果:本次调查共发放了调查问卷500份,其中有效问卷432份,有效回收率为86.40%。患病后就医者258人(59.72%),患病后不就医者174人(40.28%)。患病后56.80%的男性和61.48%的女性采取了就医行为,性别间就医行为差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.926,P=0.336);不同年龄组患者患病后就医行为差异有统计学意义(χ~2=20.097,P=0.001);不同文化程度就医行为差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.084,P=0.004);医疗费用承担能力者就医行为不同且差异有统计学意义(χ~2=13.282,P=0.001);健康自评状况不同就医行为不同且差异有统计学意义(χ~2=42.402,P=0.001);年就医次数不同就医行为不同且差异有统计学意义(χ~2=27.276,P=0.001)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,健康自评状况差、年就医次数多是患者患病后就医的主要影响因素。结论:居民就医行为与自身健康自评、年就医次数密切相关,正确引导居民形成良好的健康观和疾病观,有利于形成积极的就医行为。

Objective: To investigate and analyze the medical needs of outpatients, medical treatment choices and their influecing factors, and to provide reference for health management institutions to allocate health resources reasonably. Methods: Taking the outpatients of an A-grade hospital in Shanxi Province as the research object, the questionnaire was designed by ourselves. The questionnaire included: personal information, medical treatment behavior and its influencing factors. Data were collected in the form of self-filled questionnaires, and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS17.0 software. Results: A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed in this survey, including 432 valid questionnaires, and the effective recovery rate was 86.40%. 258(59.72%) outpatients were treated after the illness,and 174(40.28%) were not treated after the illness. 56.80% of men and 61.48% of women took medical treatment after the illness, and there was no significant difference in genderr-related medical behavior(χ^2=0.926,P=0.336). There was a statistically significant difference in the behavior of medical treatment among patients of different age groups (χ^2=20.097, P=0.001). There was a statistically significant difference in medical behavior between different educational levels (χ^2=13.084, P=0.004). The behavior was different and the difference was statistically significant (χ^2=13.282, P=0.001);the health self-evaluation status was different and the difference was statistically significant (χ^2=42.402, P=0.001);the number of medical treatments was different and the medical treatment behavior was different. The difference was statistically significant (χ^2=27.276, P=0.001). The results of regression analysis indicated that the health self-evaluation status was relatively poor, and the number of annual medical treatments was the main influencing factor for patients to seek medical treatment after illness. Conclusion: Residents' medical behavior is closely related to their own self-evaluation and the number of medical treatments per year. Correctly guiding residents to form a good outlook on health and disease is conducive to the formation of active medical treatment.