丛枝菌根真菌对紫茎泽兰生长与繁殖的影响

Effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on the growth and reproduction of Ageratina adenophora

【目的】紫茎泽兰是一种世界性的恶性入侵杂草,侵入我国后迅速扩散至多个省市,严重阻碍了当地农、林、牧业的发展。研究丛枝菌根真菌对紫茎泽兰生长和繁殖的影响,解析土壤中丛枝菌根真菌在紫茎泽兰入侵、传播和扩散过程中的作用,能为开展紫茎泽兰防控工作提供参考。【方法】通过盆栽实验,测定接种丛枝菌根真菌的紫茎泽兰株高、叶片数、总叶面积、节间距、地径,并统计单株花序数、单花序种子量、种子量、种子千粒重、含水率、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数等。【结果】丛枝菌根真菌对紫茎泽兰的株高、地径有极显著影响(P<0.01),接种丛枝菌根真菌后,紫茎泽兰的单株花序数、单花序种子数、总种子量分别增加了5.03、1.51、7.64倍;种子的长度、宽度、含水率、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数分别增加了15.24%、23.08%、19.46%、29.22%、391.01%、183.56%(P<0.05)。【结论】丛枝菌根真菌可显著促进紫茎泽兰生长,控制丛枝菌根真菌的数量可有效抑制紫茎泽兰生长,并抑制紫茎泽兰花序数、种子量及种子的生命力,降低其扩散蔓延速度。

【Aim】 Ageratina adenophora is a noxious invasive weed. After invading China, it spread rapidly to many provinces and cities, which greatly hindered the development of local agriculture, forestry and animal husbandry. We studied the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth and reproduction of A. adenophora .【Method】 Plant height, number of leaves, total leaf area, internode spacing, basal diameter, anthotaxy amount, seed number per anthotaxy, total seed number, 1000 grain weight, and moisture content of A. adenophora inoculated with AMF were measured in a controlled indoor experiment.【Result】 The results showed that AMF highly significant affected plant height and ground diameter of A. adenophora ( P <0.01). After inoculation with AMF, the number of heads, single inflorescences, and total seeds number of A. adenophora increased by 5.03, 1.51 and 7.64 times, respectively. Seedling length and width, moisture content, germination rate, germinability, germination index of A. adenophora increased by 15.24%, 23.08%, 19.46%, 29.22%, 391.01% and 183.56%, respectively ( P <0.05).【Conclusion】 The results indicated that inoculation of AMF significantly promoted the growth of A. adenophora . Controlling the number of AMF can effectively inhibit the growth of A. adenophora and affect the flowering and seeding of A. adenophora seeds and the vitality of seeds, which may be important for the rapid spread of A. adenophora .