视网膜感光神经节细胞研究进展

Research progress on intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

视网膜感光神经节细胞(intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells,ipRGCs)是哺乳动物视网膜上一种特殊类型的神经节细胞,它能表达一种视网膜色素蛋白即黑视素蛋白,因此具备自主对光产生反应的能力。ipRGCs本质上是光敏细胞,参与成像和非成像视觉过程。本文对ipRGCs的细胞分类、信号转导、中枢投射、生理功能以及其在疾病研究中最新的研究进展进行综述。

Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs),a special type of ganglion cell in the mammalian retina,can express a retinal pigment protein,melanopsin,so it has the ability to autonomously respond to light.ipRGCs are essentially light-sensitive cells involved in both imaging and non-imaging visual processes.This review summarizes the cell classification,signaling,central projection,physiological functions of ipRGCs and their latest research progress in disease research.