省级儿童医院连续七年医院感染现患率趋势分析

A trend analysis of healthcare-associated infection prevalence rate in a provincial children's hospital for seven consecutive years

目的了解儿童专科医院医院感染现患率连续变化趋势。方法 2012年7月—2018年11月期间,采用横断面调查方法,应用查阅病历和床旁调查相结合方式,连续7年对全院住院患儿进行医院感染现患率调查。结果 7年共调查住院患儿10 310例,2012年—2018年各年医院感染例次率分别为2.08%、4.84%、1.59%、3.76%、1.63%、1.74%、2.08%,总体呈下降趋势(LLA=7.631,P=0.006)。医院感染发生科室类别构成比从高到低依次为儿外科(50.0%)、儿内科(44.8%)、新生儿内科(2.8%)和重症监护病房(2.4%)。医院感染病原体以病毒(38.8%)最为常见,其次为革兰阴性菌(34.3%)。结论儿童专科医院感染现患率总体呈现下降趋势,医院感染发生科室以儿外科最常见,病原体以病毒最常见。该结论可为儿童医院感染防控提供参考。

Objective To explore the continuous changing trend of healthcare-associated infection prevalence rate in a children’s hospital. Methods From July 2012 to November 2018, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to investigate the prevalence of healthcare-associated infections in hospitalized children for seven consecutive years by combining case-checking and bedside survey. Results A total of 10 310 hospitalized children were investigated in the past seven years. The incidence of healthcare-associated infections from 2012 to 2018 was 2.08%, 4.84%, 1.59%, 3.76%,1.63%, 1.74%, and 2.08%, respectively, showing a statistically significant downward trend(LLA=7.631, P=0.006). The departments with higher proportion of healthcare-associated infections were pediatric surgery(50.0%), pediatric medicine(44.8%), neonatal medicine(2.8%), and intensive care units(2.4%). Viruses(38.8%) were the most common pathogens of healthcare-associated infections, followed by Gram-negative bacteria(34.3%). Conclusions The prevalence of healthcare-associated infections in the children’s hospital showed a downward trend year by year. Pediatric surgery is the most common occurrence department, and viruses are the most common pathogens. It can provide evidence for prevention and control of healthcare-associated infection in children’s hospitals.