医务人员职业暴露对医疗机构产生的经济负担的调查研究

Investigation on the economic burden of occupational exposure of medical personnel in medical institution

目的调查医务人员职业暴露后医疗机构对暴露者处置所产生的经济负担。方法采用回顾性调查方法,对绵阳市第三人民医院2014年1月—2016年12月登记报告的112例医务人员职业暴露后的检验、治疗及预防接种等费用进行调查分析。结果职业暴露后医疗机构为暴露者承担的人均经济负担为(331.80±66.16)元;主要支出项目为检验费用(93.53%);乙型病毒性肝炎暴露后支出费用占75.40%,居各类血源性传染病支出费用首位。职业暴露最易发生在处理锐器时,医院为此支出的费用为47.26%。加强标准预防等干预措施后,2015年—2016年该院为职业暴露者承担的人均费用呈现下降趋势(P<0.05)。结论医务人员职业暴露可对医疗机构造成一定经济负担,应加强职业防护,提高标准预防意识,减少职业暴露事件发生。

Objective To investigate the economic burden of the disposal of medical personnel after occupational exposure in medical institution. Method A retrospective survey method was used to investigate and analyze the costs of inspection, treatment, and vaccination of 112 medical personnel after occupational exposure from January 2014 to December 2016. Results After the occupational exposure, the per capita economic burden on the medical institution for the exposed personnel was(331.80±66.16) yuan;the main expenditure item was the inspection expenses(93.53%);and the expenditure after the exposure of hepatitis B virus accounted for 75.40%, which ranked the top one in the expenditures of blood-derived infectious diseases. Occupational exposure was most likely to occur when dealing with sharps, and the cost of hospital spending accounted for 47.26%. After strengthening interventions such as standard prevention, the per capita cost of occupational exposures in the hospital from 2015 to 2016 showed a downward trend(P0.05). Conclusions Occupational exposure of medical personnel may cause a certain economic burden on medical institution. It is necessary to strengthen occupational protection, raise awareness of standard prevention, and reduce occupational exposure.