历史街区街巷活力评测与影响因素研究——以什刹海历史街区为例

Study on the Assessment of Street Vitality and Influencing Factors in the Historic District——A Case Study of Shichahai Historic District

历史街区活力的提升是复兴历史街区的重要手段,明确影响因素是提升历史街区活力的基础,以什刹海历史街区为例分析得到街区日间与夜间的活力影响因素,并对其作用方式与一般规律进行阐述。首先,基于大众点评兴趣点(POI)及微信宜出行等城市网络数据,建构历史街区街巷活力评价体系;其次,通过量化获得历史街区活力表征与潜在的活力影响因素;最后,通过多元回归分析方法得到什刹海历史街区日间与夜间的活力影响因素。结果表明:活力表征显示什刹海历史街区日间活力集聚于恭王府,夜间活力集聚于银锭桥,剩余区域活力分布较为均匀;多元回归分析结果显示日间影响街区活力的因素由强到弱分别为历史吸引、商业吸引与地标作用;多元回归分析结果显示夜间影响街区活力的因素由强到弱分别为商业吸引与地标作用。研究结果对什刹海历史街区及其他历史街区的保护更新起到启示作用,明确未来发展与更新的方向。

The improvement of vitality is an important means to revitalize historic conservation area. The influencing factors are the basis for improving the vitality of historic conservation area. Shichahai historic conservation area is taken as an example to analyze the factors affecting the vitality of daytime and nighttime. Firstly, this paper constructs the historic conservation area vitality evaluation system based on the urban data acquired from the famous internet resources. Secondly, we measure the vitality representation and potential vitality influencing factors of the historic conservation area. Finally, we obtain the factors affecting the vitality of Shichahai historical district during the day and night by using the multiple regression analysis method. The results indicate that the daytime vitality of the Shichahai historic conservation area is concentrated in Prince Gong Mansion, the nighttime vitality is concentrated in the Yinding Bridge, and the remaining areas are evenly distributed. The results of multiple regression analysis present that the factors affecting the vitality of the block during the day, from strong to weak, are historical attraction, commercial attraction and landmark function;the results of multiple regression analysis show that the factors affecting the vitality of the block at night, from strong to weak, are commercial attraction and landmark. The research would inspire the protection and renewal of Shichahai historic conservation area and other historical blocks.