脂肪酸酰胺丙基二甲基叔胺的绿色合成研究

A Green and Efficient Protocol for the Synthesis of Fatty Acid Amidopropyl Dimethylamines with Solid Superbase as Catalyst

以固体超强碱为催化剂,利用脂肪酸和N,N-二甲基丙二胺的缩合反应合成脂肪酸酰胺丙基二甲基叔胺.系统考察了催化剂结构及其用量、底物比例、反应时间和温度等因素对缩合反应的影响,得出最佳的反应条件,即以固体超强碱KF/γ-Al2O3为催化剂、催化剂用量为0.1 mmol、n(脂肪酸)∶n(N,N-二甲基丙二胺)为1∶1、反应时间12 h、反应温度120℃.与传统的合成方法相比,该方法的产率高,反应结束后无须进行纯化处理;反应条件温和,操作简便,无须使用惰性气体保护;催化剂易分离且可循环利用,循环使用5次后,催化活性基本保持不变.是一种绿色高效的合成脂肪酸酰胺丙基二甲基叔胺的新方法.

In this paper,a green and efficient protocol for the synthesis of fatty acid amidopropyl dimethylamines by condensation reaction of N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propane diamine and fatty acid with solid superbase as catalyst was developed.The effect of catalyst,the amount of catalyst,the mole ratio of substrates,the time and temperature on the reaction were investigated.The optimum reaction conditions were obtained as follow:KF/γ-Al2O3 0.1 mmol,n(fatty acid)∶n(N,N-dimethyl-1,3-propane diamine)=1∶1,reaction time 12 h,reaction temperature 120 ℃.Comparing to those traditional methods,the yields of fatty acid amidopropyl dimethylamines obtained by the new protocol are significantly increased.The reaction conditions were mild and simple,eliminating the need for high temperature,inert-gas welding and complex operation.Furthermore,the solid superbase could be easily separated and reused for at least 5 times.It provided a green and efficient alternative way for the synthesis of fatty acid amidopropyl dimethylamines.