基于激光扫描的三维数字露头表征技术在现代岩溶研究的应用

Application of 3D Digital Outcrop Characterization Technology Based on Laser Scanning in Modern Karst Research

由于当代地质学发展趋向精细化、定量化,研究的地质目标尺度越来越小,已有的地质体表征技术亟待改进.现代岩溶现象在地下发育的溶洞系统具有更为复杂的三维空间结构和多变的环境特征,传统的地质考察方法已无法满足其研究需要.现利用三维激光扫描的技术特点,提出基于激光扫描的三维数字露头表征技术,利用三维激光扫描仪采集现代岩溶的溶洞三维模型进行岩溶现象的观察和分析.研究表明,传统野外地质考察具有一定局限性,利用三维激光扫描技术的特点,实现了湖南龙王洞的数据采集、数据处理及三维数据模型建立,采集处理后的模型精度较高、完整度和系统性较好.三维激光扫描技术实现了数字露头的建立和定量化程度的提高,是辅助地质研究者野外考察的有力工具.

As the development of contemporary geology tends to be refined and quantified,the scale of geological target is becoming smaller and smaller,and the existing geological body characterization technology needs to be improved urgently.The underground karst cave system developed by modern karst phenomena has more complex three-dimensional spatial structure and changeable environmental characteristics.Traditional geological investigation methods can not meet the needs of its research.Based on the technical characteristics of 3D laser scanning,a threedimensional digital outcrop characterization technique based on laser scanning is proposed.The three-dimensional model of karst caves collected by three-dimensional laser scanner is used to observe and analyze karst phenomena.The research shows that the traditional field geological investigation has some limitations,by using the characteristics of three-dimensional laser scanning technology,the data acquisition,data processing and three-dimensional data model establishment of Longwangdong in Hunan Province have been realized.The model after acquisition and processing has high accuracy,integrity and good systematicness.Three-dimensional laser scanning technology realizes the establishment of Digital Outcrop and the improvement of quantitative degree,and is a powerful tool for assisting geological researchers in field investigation.