魏晋辞赋“江河书写”的地理正统与文化正统之辨

A study on the geographical and cultural legitimacy of "Jianghe-writing" in the Fu of the Wei and Jin dynasties

魏晋辞赋中对长江、黄河的书写,经历了从黄河到长江的变化。这一文学现象,也是王朝正统之思的投射,蕴含着魏晋士人对王朝政权的正统自证,以及对"地理"与"文化"二者重合性问题的不同回应。曹魏、西晋赋家在对黄河的正统书写中,建构起北方文化与地缘政治的历时统系。而东晋南渡后所面临的地理正统与文化正统错位的状况,使东晋士人在继承传统汉族正统观的同时,将历史中黄河所代表的地理文化与正统意味复制到长江上,并赋予其浓厚的"中兴"意味。

The theme of the Jianghe Fu in the Wei and Jin Dynasties has changed from the Yellow River to the Yangtze River. This literary phenomenon, as a projection of the orthodox, reflects the self-justification of the legitimacy of the Wei and Jin Dynasties as well as different responses to the overlapping of geography and culture. In the orthodox writing of the Yellow River, the writers in the Cao Wei and the East Jin Dynasties wanted to establish a historical system of northern geopolitics. But for the writers in the East Jin Dynasty, the dislocation of geography and culture forced them to inherit the traditional concept of legitimacy perspective, copy it to the Yangtze River and add the meaning of "Zhongxing" into it.