城市治涝标准的衔接及规模确定

Connection and Scale Determination of the Standards of Urban Flood Control

近年来随着城市的建设发展,城市排涝问题日益突出,目前不同标准和规范对城市治涝标准的要求有所不同。一般北方城市雨水均通过排水管网排泄至承泄区,要求城市雨水管的设计规模应同时满足常遇暴雨和稀遇暴雨形成涝水的排除要求。目前,市政排涝设计中一般按常遇暴雨确定设计规模,缺乏对稀遇暴雨排除要求的分析,而造成城市内涝灾害的往往是稀遇暴雨。通过对银川市中心城区排涝规模的分析计算,找出地面涝水排除标准与雨水干管排水标准的对应关系,并结合规范确定其治涝标准。结果表明:区域地面排水标准与雨水管排水设计重现期及相应排水流量应存在一定的对应关系,才能使城市雨水管满足常遇暴雨及时排除和稀遇暴雨在一定时间内排除的要求。

With the development of urban construction in recent years, the problem of urban being waterlogged has become increasingly prominent. At present, the requirements of different standards and codes for controlling being waterlogged in the urban area are also different. Rainwater of the northern cities in China is discharged to the drainage area through a drainage pipe network, which requires that the drainage design scale of urban rainwater pipes should meet the requirements of eliminating urban being waterlogged caused by frequent rainstorms and rare rainstorms. At present, the design of municipal drainage concerning the waterlogged issue generally determines the design scale according to the common occurrence of heavy rain, but it lacks the analysis of the drainage requirement for the heavy rain occurred with low as well as high frequency, however, the urban waterlogged disasters tend to be caused by the rare heavy rain. Through the analysis and calculation of the drainage scale of the center urban area of Yinchuan City, the paper found out the corresponding relation between the drainage criteria of the waterlogged ground with the rainwater main pipe drainage standard, then determined its standard for the handling as well as prevention of the waterlogged disasters by combining the related specifications, hoping that it could provide certain reference to the transformation and construction of other urban rainwater pipe networks.It is concluded that there is a certain corresponding relationship between the regional ground drainage standard and the reappearance period and the scale of the drainage design of the rainwater pipe, especially the scale is drainage flow,so that the urban rainwater pipe can ensure the requirements of the timely elimination of the frequent rainstorm and the elimination of the rare rainstorm in a period. This thought should be reflected in the reconstruction and construction of the urban rainwater pipe network.