中古汉语“为”的词缀化研究

A study of affixation of “Wei” in middle Chinese

"为"词缀化的最终完成发生在魏晋南北朝时期,它是从自身系动词的用法中发展而来的。受当时双音化趋势的影响,"为"逐渐与前面作状语的单音词粘合在一起,由此开始了它词缀化的历程。之后随着"单音节词+为+VP"形式的出现,"为"的系动词意义开始消失,最终降格定型为一个只有语法意义的词缀。在类推的作用下,"为"的构词能力进一步增强,以其作为词缀的双音节副词在中古时期开始不断产生。

In Chinese,the affixation of“Wei”was finally completed during the period of the Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties.It developed from its own usage of verbs.Influenced by the trend of double-syllables at that time,“Wei”gradually merged with monosyllabic words that acted as adverbials ahead,and began its affixation process.Later,with the appearance of the form“monosyllable + Wei+VP”,the meaning of“Wei”as verbs began to disappear,and eventually the degeneracy was determined as an affix which has only grammatical meaning.Under the effect of analogy,the word-building ability of“Wei”was further enhanced,and its two-syllable adverbs as an affix were continuously produced in the middle ages.