试论《西游记》叙事中建构与消解兼容的翕辟结构

On Xipi Structure of Compatibility between Construction and Resolution in the Narration of Journey to the West

《西游记》以超越历史本事创造出文学新的实在。作者源源不断地通过神魔叙事塑造出崇高、进取与世俗治平的主旨;同时又对这种正面建构予以消解,以退思的方式呈现出俚俗滑稽、性格懦弱、政治虚幻的"副旨"。进取如辟,退思如翕,收放之间犹如呼吸,于是建构与消解兼容,庄谐并用,治平与虚无交错,有无俱现,从而构成小说独特的翕辟结构,也折射出作者复杂而深刻的文人情怀与内心世界。

The novel, Journey to the West, is based on history, but has surpassed the original story, and created a kind of new reality of art. The author constantly creates the theme of lofty, enterprising and secular peace through the narrative of gods and demons, and at the same time dispels this positive construction, presenting the "sub-tenet" of vulgarity, comedy, cowardice and political illusion in a retrospective way. Enterprising, retreating and releasing are like breathing, so construction and dissolution are compatible, solemn harmony are combined, peace and nothingness are intertwined, and whether there exists or not, thus constituting the unique Xipi structure of the novel, and reflecting the author’s complex and profound literary feelings and inner world.