生活方式护理管理对心肌梗死PCI术后患者的干预效果

Effect of lifestyle nursing management on patients with myocardial infarction after PCI

目的 探讨生活方式护理管理对心肌梗死(MI)经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)后患者不良情绪、自护能力和健康行为的影响。方法选取2015年3月至2017年3月106例行PCI治疗后的MI患者进行二级预防治疗,随机将其等分为对照组和观察组,对照组采用常规护理及心理干预,观察组在对照组基础上实施生活方式护理管理。比较1年后两组患者干预效果和康复情况。结果 干预后两组患者合理饮食、戒烟戒酒、适当运动、坚持服药和定期复查健康行为执行情况比较差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。干预后观察组患者焦虑、抑郁评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P <0. 05)。干预后观察组自我护理能力高于对照组(P <0. 05)。干预后观察组心血管事件发生率低于对照组(P <0. 05);病死率低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。结论 生活方式护理管理用于MI患者PCI术后有助于规范患者健康行为,提升患者自护能力,减少心血管事件发生,对患者康复和身心健康具有重要意义。

Objective To explore the influence of lifestyle care management on bad emotion,self-care ability and healthy behavior of patients with myocardial infarction(MI)after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods From March 2015 to March 2017,a total of 106 patients with MI after PCI were treated with secondary prevention treatment.They were divided into the control group and observation group with the same number of patients randomly.The control group was given routine nursing and psychological intervention.The observation group was treated by the lifestyle nursing management on the basis of the control group.The intervention effect and rehabilitation results of the two groups were compared after one year.Results After the intervention,there was significant statistical difference in the reasonable diet,smoking cessation and alcohol withdrawal,appropriate exercise,adherence to medication and regular review of health behaviors among the two groups of patients(P<0.05).After the intervention,the scores of anxiety and depression in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).After the intervention,the self-nursing ability in the observation group was higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).After the intervention,the incidence of cardiovascular events in the observation group was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).The mortality rate was lower than that of the control group,however,the difference was not statistically significant(P>0.05).Conclusion Applying the lifestyle nursing management for patients with myocardial infarction after PCI can help standardize patients'health behavior,and improve patient self-care ability.Meanwhile,it can reduce cardiovascular events.Therefore,this kind of treatment is of great significance in the recovery of patients as well as physical and mental health of these patients.