发展中国家国家资格框架建设进展、特点与启示

Progress and Characteristics of Construction of National Qualification Framework in Developing Countries and Enlightenment to China

对俄罗斯、印度、南非、菲律宾等发展中国家国家资格框架建设进展进行分析,发现4国国家资格框架在普通教育职业教育等值、资格认证以能力为本位、资格的获取倾向多元化、多举措保障资格的质量、终身教育为其价值取向等方面具有共性特征。借鉴其经验,我国要把建立国家资格框架作为教育基本制度和现代职业教育体系建设的重点,整合力量加快开发进程,以促进各种教育类型的互认互通,使资格证书体系基本接轨国际,并确保资格框架高质量的实施。

Through the analysis on construction of national qualifications framework in developing countries, including Russia, India, South Africa, and the Philippines, it is found that there are common characteristics in four national qualifications frameworks, including the equivalence between general education and vocational education, the competence-based qu.ilification identification, the acquisition of qualification tending to be diversified, the multiple measures to ensure the quality of the qualification,and the lifelong education as its value orientation. Drawing on its experience, China should take the establishment of national qualification framework as the focus of the construction of basic education system and modem vocational education system, integrate forces to accelerate the development process, so as to promote the mutual recognition of various types of education, make the qualification certificate system basically in line with international standards, and ensure the high-quality implementation of the qualitication framework.