2011-2016年上海市古美社区手足口病聚集性疫情流行特征分析

Epidemiological characteristics of clustered hand foot mouth disease in the community of Gumei from 2011 to 2016

目的手足口病是由多种肠道病毒引起的急性传染病,传播途径多样,传染性较强,常引起局部暴发疫情。本研究分析古美社区2011-2016年手足口病聚集性疫情流行特点,为手足口病聚集性疫情防控提供有效措施。方法收集2011-2016年古美社区报告的手足口病聚集性疫情相关资料,并对手足口病聚集性疫情时间分布和病原学特征等进行分析,计数资料比较采用χ2检验。结果古美社区2011-2016年手足口病聚集性疫情共报告111起,疫情高峰出现在4～6月份,次高峰出现在9～10月份;幼托机构3～4岁为高发年龄段,占发病总数的66.00%(299/453);病原学分析共采集22起手足口病聚集性疫情样本进行检测,检测结果阳性率为81.82%(18/22),以EV71和COXA16病原学为主。结论手足口病聚集性疫情主要出现在幼托机构,根据手足口病聚集性疫情流行特点,加大对托幼机构的监管,可以有效防控手足口病聚集性疫情暴发。

OBJECTIVE Hand-foot-mouth disease(HFMD)is an acute infectious disease caused by a variety of enteroviruses.It has various transmission routes and strong infectivity,and often causes local outbreaks.The study aims to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Gumei community,Minhang district of Shanghai from 2011 to 2016 for control and early warning of HFMD in local residents.METHODS A descriptive epidemiologic analysis was made on the epidemiological characteristics and pathogen results of HFMD clustered cases in Gumei community from 2011 to 2016.Count data was treated with Chi square test.RESULTS There were a total of 111 clustered HFMD from 2011 to 2016.A seasonal variation of clustered HFMD incidence was also found,with a peak in from April to June,followed by a minor peak in from September to October.The 3-4 age group had high incidence of HFMD,accounting for 66.00%(299/453).A total of 22 cases of clustered HFMD were collected and tested in laboratory,18 out of 22 clustered HFMD(81.82%)were proved positive.EV71 and CoxA16 were the most common causes.CONCLUSIONS Clustered HFMD often have taken place in kindergartens.The clustered HFMD cases can be effectively controlled by monitoring epidemiological features and by enhancing surveillance in these kindergartens.