基于转子热应力模型的舰船汽轮主机转速限制

Speed Limit of Steam Turbine with Rotor Thermal Stress Model

为避免舰船紧急操纵时汽轮主机转子热疲劳损伤,通常采用限制汽机加速速率将转子热应力控制在许可范围内,然而,限制转速势必影响舰船操控性能。在MATLAB/SIMULINK环境下搭建汽机转子热应力模型,建立汽机转速与转子热应力之间的函数关系,获取热应力临界条件下的转速变化率,制定转速限制策略,并通过在汽机调速模型上模拟改变设定转速,验证分析该转速限制策略的有效性。结果表明:所制定的策略既能保证汽轮主机转子热应力不超限,又可实现转速快速响应车令,有效提升舰船的机动能力。

In emergency operation, the common practice of limiting turbine acceleration to avoid thermal damage to the rotor of steam turbine may interfere the maneuverability of ship. With MATLAB/SIMULINK an optimized speed limit strategy is developed by establishing the rotor thermal stress model, analyzing the functional relation between turbine speed and rotor thermal stress, and tracing speed rate change in critical varying of thermal stress. The proposed strategy is proved applicable in speed-change simulation with turbine speed control model and it may ensure safe rotor thermal stress, achieve rapid response to speed command, and keep ship in good maneuverability.