论《史记·周本纪》周人兴起的历史书写

On the Historical Writing about the Rise of the Zhou People in "Shiji Zhou Benji"

历史书写一方面可以提供相关历史事件的客观知识,另一方面又能实现书写者思想建构的主体诉求。《史记·周本纪》中有关周人兴起的历史书写,在描述自后稷至成康周人由初起而至鼎盛这一历史进程的同时,也实现了司马迁本人关于"王道"史观的理论建设。与儒家思想家们针对"王道"政治思想的直接阐释相比,司马迁借助于历史书写所完成的针对"王道"政治的阐释与建构,更具思想的兼容性与现实的可行性。

Historical writing provides not only the objective knowledge of relevant historical events but also the subjective perceptions and ideological framework of the writers. This paper argues that the historical writing about the rise of the Zhou people in "Shiji Zhou Benji" describes the historical process tracing back fh)m their ancient origins ever since Houji, the very first ancestor, to their heyday during the reigns of King Cheng and King Kang, and meanwhile, it offers the insightful historical view of Sima Qian and his theoretical framework of "kingcraft", the art of ruling as a king. Contrasting with the directness of the Confucian thinkers in interpreting the political thought of "kingcraft", Sima Qian tends to be more ideologically compatible and practically feasible, through his historical writing about the politics of "kingcraft"