ENSO现象对东南太平洋智利竹■鱼资源丰度及其渔场变动的影响

Effects of ENSO on abundance index and spatial-temporal change of Chilean jack mackerel in the Southeast Pacific Ocean

ENSO(El Ni■o-southern oscillation)是目前全球已知的最大海-气相互作用现象,对渔业生产具有重要影响。根据2003—2016年我国东南太平洋智利竹■鱼渔捞日志资料,结合Ni■o 3. 4区海表温度距平值(SSTA)分析智利竹■鱼渔场资源丰度和时空分布。结果表明:智利竹■鱼渔场重心变化与ENSO现象存在着显著相关性,Ni■o 3. 4区SSTA与经度重心的关联度为0. 700,与纬度重心的关联度为0. 726,与CPUE月间变化的关联度为0. 520,与CPUE年间变化的关联度为0. 703。厄尔尼诺期间,渔场重心存在向西北移动的趋势,其CPUE高于正常月份平均值;拉尼娜期间,渔场重心存在向东南移动的趋势,其CPUE低于正常月份平均值。

ENSO are the largest coupled ocean-atmosphere phenomena.ENSO has enormous effects on marine fisheries.Spatial-temporal changes and abundance index of Chilean jack mackerel(Trachurus murphyi)are analyzed,according to the statistical data of fishing yield of Chilean jack mackerel of Chinese fleets,and data of Nino 3.4 region sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)from 2003 to 2016.The result shows that there is significant correlation between ENSO and the fishing ground gravity of Chilean jack mackerel.The correlation degree between SSTA of the Nino 3.4 region and longitudinal gravity,latitude gravity,monthly change of CPUE and interannual change of CPUE are 0.700,0.726,0.520 and 0.703.During EI Nino occurrence,fishing ground gravity moves northwest,the CPUE higher than the CPUE of normal month,while during La Nina occurrence,fishing ground gravity moves southeast,the CPUE lower than the CPUE of normal month.