梅溪流域“莫兰蒂”台风暴雨洪水分析

Analysis of Flooding Process for “MERANTI” Typhoon Rainstorm in Meixi Basin

2016年9月,受台风"莫兰蒂"影响,福建省泉州市梅溪流域发生强降雨过程,产生的洪涝灾害造成严重的人员伤亡及财产损失。对此,以此次梅溪流域洪涝灾害为例,结合降雨数据、径流数据及上游山美水库调蓄数据,采用数据分析、还原计算、实地勘察等分析和计算方法详细分析了台风暴雨洪水过程,并提出具体措施。研究结果表明,此次台风暴雨具有降雨强度大、降雨雨量集中、降雨径流响应时间迅速的特点;洪水快涨慢落,历时长;上游山美水库在洪水过程中发挥了重要的调蓄作用;洪水诱因主要包括气象、外江顶托、自然地理和人为因素等。

In September 2016,due to"MERANTI"Typhoon,torrential rainfall took place in Meixi basin,Quanzhou City of Fujian Province,which led to great disaster of life and economy.The study made use of rainfall data,runoff data and storage data of the upstream of Shanmei reservoir.Methods employed in the study included field visit and analysis on history data.The flood process was analyzed in detail based on the above mentioned data.The results show that this typhoon rainstorm had the characteristics of great intensity,short precipitation period and short responding time of runoff,while the flood has the feature of fast rising,slow falling and long duration.Furthermore,Shanmei reservoir was demonstrated to have played a significant role in storing rainfall by estimation of restoration.Finally,the study analyzed the causes to the flood disaster,which include weather,outer river stage,physical geography and man-made factors.