基于考虑非期望产出的超效率SBM-Malmquist模型的水利建设投资效率评价

Efficiency Evaluation of Water Conservancy Construction Investment Based on Super Efficiency SBM Malmquist Model Considering Undesirable Output

随着水利投资建设规模的不断扩大,其投资效率受到密切关注。以山西省11市水利建设评价为例,以水利从业人员、水利建设总投资为投入指标,以地区生产总值、年供水量、粮食产量为期望产出,同时将水旱灾害面积作为非期望产出指标,采用超效率SBM模型及Malmquist指数从静态和动态两个角度分析山西省11市在2011～2016年的水利投资效率。研究结果表明,山西省总体水利投资效率良好,投资效率相对最高及最低的地区分别为太原市、阳泉市;地区生产总值方面存在较大潜力;非期望产出直接影响水利建设投资效率;拉低水利投资效率的主要原因为规模效率,但规模效率处于快速提高阶段;制约有效单元全要素生产率提高的重要原因是纯技术效率;技术进步对山西省整体的投资效率贡献度相对较少。研究成果可为水利建设投资管理与决策提供参考。

With the continuous expansion of investment in water resources,the efficiency of investment can not be ignored.Taking Shanxi Province as an example,the total investment of water conservancy workers and water conservancy construction were selected as the input index,the GDP,annual water supply and grain output were selected as the output index.Water and drought disaster of the area was regarded as an undesired output index.The super efficiency SBM model and the Malmquist index were used to analyze the efficiency of water conservancy investment in 11 cities of Shanxi Province in 2011-2016 years from two aspects of dynamic and static.The results show that the overall efficiency of water resources investment in Shanxi is good,the highest and lowest investment efficiency is Taiyuan and Yangquan,and there are great potential in the area of regional GDP;The undesired output directly affects the efficiency of water conservancy construction investment;The main reason for reducing the efficiency of investment in water is the scale effect,but the scale efficiency is in the stage of rapid improvement;The important reason for restricting the total factor productivity of the effective unit is pure technical efficiency;The contribution of technological progress to the overall investment efficiency of Shanxi Province is relatively small.The research results can provide reference for investment management and decision-making of water conservancy construction.