《新莱茵报》时期马克思思想研究

Research on Marxist Thought during the Period of Neue Rheinische Zeitun

《新莱茵报》时期,马克思基于1848年欧洲革命斗争失败对自己的无产阶级革命理论作了反思与总结。马克思的无产阶级革命理论是其政治经济学的晴雨表,而无产阶级革命理论的科学性又建立在马克思对资本主义政治经济学深刻的批判基础之上。唯物史观是马克思研究问题的方法论指南,是马克思哲学的理论基石,但仅仅依靠唯物史观的基本原理还不足以得出科学的革命理论,须进一步对资本主义社会进行经济学研究。《新莱茵报》时期对无产阶级革命理论研究的伟大意义恰恰是马克思在此时开启了一条唯物史观与政治经济学相交融的致思理路。本文旨在通过分析马克思在此时期无产阶级革命理论的发展变化及其这种变化的原因,客观评价《新莱茵报》时期在马克思思想发展史上的地位和作用,并从马克思在《新莱茵报》时期对无产阶级革命理论的总结中尝试回答落后国家能否跨越"卡夫丁大峡谷"这一历史难题。

During the period of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung, Marx relied on the failure of European Revolution of 1848 to reflect on and summarize his proletarian revolutionary theory.Marx’s theory of proletarian revolution is a barometer of Marx’s political economy,and the science of proletarian revolutionary theory is decided by Marx’s profound critique of political economy.Historical materialism is the solid theoretical foundation while Marx doing philosophical research.However,relying solely on the basic principles of historical materialism is not enough to draw scientific revolutionary theory, and it is necessary to conduct further economic research on capitalist society.The great significance of the study of the proletarian revolutionary theory in this period is precisely that Marx had influenced a way based on the integration of historical materialism and critique of political economy.This paper aims to objectively evaluate the status and role of the period of Neue Rheinische Zeitung in the development of Marx’ s thought by analyzing the development of Marx’s theory of proletarian revolution in this period and summarizing the reasons for this change.Finally, from the summary of the proletarian revolutionary theory of Marx during the period of the Neue Rheinische Zeitung, I try to answer the question whether the backward countries can transcend the Capitalist Kafting Valley.