放射性废塑料处理设备的设计与研究

Design and Study of Radioactive Waste Plastics Processing Equipment

针对核电现场的低中放射性固体废物中废塑料占比大,且种类多,经压缩处理后,出现大量桶饼反弹及爆桶现象,导致废物处置体积及成本增加的问题,基于废塑料熔融技术,提出了一种能有效处理放射性废塑料的工艺方法,并设计出配套设备。该设备具有自动破碎、熔融、预压处理及废气处理功能。经试验验证,该设备处理废塑料后,减容比最高可达15.4,大幅度减少了最终处置废物的体积和成本,节能环保,有较高的环境效益和经济效益,为放射性废塑料的处理提供了新的思路和方法。

In the field of nuclear power, the waste plastics in the low and medium level solid waste are large and varied. After the compression treatment, a large number of bucket cake bounce and detonating phenomenon appear, which leads to the increase of waste disposal volume and cost. The equipment has functions of automatic crushing, melting, preloading and waste gas treatment. It is verified by experiments that after the waste plastics are treated, the volume reduction can reach up to 15.4, which greatly reduces the volume and cost of the final disposal waste. The equipment has the advantages of energy saving and environmental protection, and has high environmental and economic benefits. It provides new ideas and methods for the disposal of radioactive waste plastics.