Platoon架构下VANETs车间通信过程及性能分析

Analysis of Inter Vehicles Communication Process and Performance in VANETs Based on Platoon

智能车辆编组platoon的稳定运行需要车辆间实时可靠的信息传输来保证.针对应用专用短程通信(DSRC)技术来实现车载自组织网路(VANETs)车间通信的platoon架构,提出了一种车间通信网络性能的分析方法,分别对platoon组内智能车辆间通信和多个platoons组间通信的过程进行了分析.该方法采用长度有限的M/G/1/K排队模型分析数据包到达媒体访问控制(MAC)层的排队过程,得到不同网络负载下缓冲区排队状态的平稳分布;并且在缓冲区可能处于空闲状态时,利用Markov模型分析方法得到不同车辆位置的车间通信性能.研究结果表明:网络数据流量、信道条件、MAC层缓冲区排队过程、争用信道退避过程以及platoon参数对车间通信的包传输时延和包丢失概率等网络性能有显著影响,数值分析结果验证了专用短程通信技术下的车间通信具有较小的信息传输延时,能够满足platoon稳定运行的要求.

Stable driving of autonomous vehicles platoon is ensured by reliable real-time information transmission between vehicles. Aiming at the platoon architecture, which uses dedicated short range communication technology (DSRC) in VANETs, an analysis method of vehicle-to-vehicle communication networks performance is proposed. It mainly studies inter autonomous vehicles communication process of intra-platoon and the inter-platoon communication process in multi-platoon marshalling. It uses M/G/1/K queue model with limited length to analyze the queuing process of packet arriving at media access control layer, which is described through steady distribution of buffer states under different network loads. Subsequently, it derives communication characteristics under different vehicles location through the analysis method of Markov model considering idle state of buffer. Research results show that various factors including the network data flow, channel conditions, MAC layer buffer queuing process, contention channel process, and platoon parameters, have a substantial influence on packet transmission delay and packet loss probability of inter vehicles communication, and the delay of vehicle-to-vehicle communication based on DSRC satisfies string stability demand of platoon.