机构话语中的交往行为探索

An Exploration of Communicative Actions in Institutional Discourse

在当代西方哲学的"语言转向"中,哈贝马斯的交往行为理论不仅对哲学领域具有划时代意义,也为语言学转变二十世纪以来的研究传统、为开展语言多方向研究提供了统一的理论框架。机构话语是以沟通有效性为目标的典型语类,是应用交往行为理论的重要领域。本文旨在应用交往行为理论关于言语沟通有效性的构念,尝试建立一个适用于机构话语机制研究的分析框架,以外交新闻发言人与记者的对话为例,探讨其对机构话语研究实践的适用性及其启示。

Habermass theory of communicative action does not only bear epoch-making signifi-cance in the"linguistic turn"of Western philosophical theories. It also provides the linguistic circle with a unified theoretical framework for changing the research tradition of emphasizing homogenei-ty and rejecting heterogeneity since the turn of the 20 th century. With its feature of reaching validity in communication, institutional discourse serves as a typical genre for the application of the theory of communicative action. This paper is therefor an attempt to design a research framework based on Habermass theoretical construct of validity claim and to test its applicability in institutional discourse analysis with an illustrative conversation taken from the press conference of the Chinese Foreign Ministry, followed by a discussion of its implication in discourse studies in general.