美国学业导师模式及其对我国本科导师制的启示

The Academic Advising Mode in the U.S. and Its Enlightenments on the Undergraduate Tutor System of China

美国学业导师模式通过导学、导德、导才,在高校教学及学生管理方面发挥了重要作用。美国学业导师模式可以分为规定性指导、发展性指导、干预性指导三种类型,具有导师队伍专业化、指导过程个性化、导师考核规范等特征。其对于我国本科导师制的启示是:坚定对本科导师制信心,持续深入推进本科导师制改革;组建专职导师队伍,促进导师专业化发展;前置指导过程,扩大本科导师制适用领域;加强组织和制度保障,加快本科导师制规范化发展进程。

The academic advising mode in the U.S. playsimportant role in the teaching and student managementof higher education by guiding the development oflearning, morality and ability of students. It can bedivided into three types of prescriptive advising,developmental advising and intrusive advising, and hasthe characteristics of professionalization of staff,individualization of instructive process and regulationof evaluation of masters. It has four enlightenmentsfor the tutor system in China: have firm confidence inthe system, and further promote the reform of the tutorsystem;establish full-time tutor team in order topromote the professional development of tutors;expandthe application of tutor system by pre-guide process;strengthen the organization, system security and speedup the process of standardized development.