高速铁路轨道-桥梁系统的地震易损性分析软件和风险评估软件研发

Development of Seismic Vulnerability Analysis Software and Risk Assessment Software for Rail-bridge Systems of High Speed Railway

国内振动台试验和国外实际地震灾害表明,高速铁路桥梁的震害与公路桥梁存在显著差别。在高速铁路桥梁体系中,轨道结构在小震和中震作用下发生损伤,支座在中震和大震作用下发生破坏,桥墩和桩基在小震和中震作用下难以破坏,但在大震和极震作用下桥墩近似发生脆性破坏,外围桩基发生损伤。为了进一步揭示高速铁路桥梁的震害规律、量化地震损伤程度和改进抗震性能,暂以连续梁桥为例,开发了高速铁路连续梁桥的地震易损性分析软件和风险评估软件。此软件可以获得桥梁结构和轨道结构关键构件的地震易损性曲线,从而确定每一构件的地震损伤顺序和薄弱构件位置,评估每一构件和轨道-桥梁系统的地震风险失效水平,验证减隔震等改进措施对降低轨道-桥梁系统地震风险失效水平的有效性。此软件已经应用于我国多座高速铁路连续梁桥的地震风险评估,同时适用于其他轨道交通梁式桥。为了进一步提高计算效率和扩大适用范围,此软件在大数据存储和读取模式等方面仍需要进一步改进。

The domestic shaking table tests and the foreign actual earthquake disasters show that the seismic damage of high speed railway( HSR) bridges is different from that of highway bridges. In HSR bridges,the track structure is damaged by small and moderate earthquakes, and the bearings are destroyed by moderate and large earthquakes. Pier and pile foundation are hard to be destroyed under small and moderate earthquakes. However,under the large and extremely strong earthquakes, the piers are almost brittle failure and the circumjacent piles are damaged.Therefore,the National Key R&D Program of China,i.e. the maintenance technology of lifecycle capability for the rail trait system in the complex environment,proposes to research on the comprehensive seismic disaster prevention of track-bridge system in coastal and mountain areas. In order to further reveal the seismic damage law of HSR bridges, quantify the seismic damage degree and improve the seismic performance,the seismic vulnerability analysis software and risk assessment software are developed for HSR continuous girder bridges as an example. This software can obtain the seismic vulnerability curves of track and bridge components,determine the seismic damage sequence and weak position of components,evaluate the seismic risk level of each component and track-bridge system,and verify the effectiveness of seismic isolation and other improvement measures to reduce the seismic risk level of track-bridge system. This software has been applied to the seismic risk assessment of several HSR continuous girder bridges in China, and it is also applicable to other girder bridges for rail transit. In order to further improve the computational efficiency and expand the application scope,this software still needs further improvement in big data storage and reading mode,etc.